Local Cattle breeds in Europe: Development of Policies and Strategies for Self-Sustaining Breeds
Local Cattle breeds in Europe: Development of Policies and Strategies for Self-Sustaining Breeds
Author(s): Sipke Joost Hiemstra, Yvette de Haas, Asko Mäki-Tanila and Gustavo GandiniThe majority of cattle breeds in Europe are native or local breeds, usually characterised by a limited geographical distribution. The breeds have significant potential as they are carrying large amounts of genetic variation and have important cultural, historical, socio-economic and environmental values. 'Local cattle is living inheritance, old germplasm which shouldn't get lost', said one farmer. These breeds were once regionally the most popular ones, now many of them are 'at risk'. Hence, there is a need to (further) develop effective policies and strategies at national and European level to conserve and develop local cattle breeds and to promote their branded use.
The European local cattle populations were a target in the EURECA project, co-funded by the European Commission. The aim was to better understand the state of the breeds, to identify factors that contribute to their success or failure and to recommend decision-making tools for development of ambitious and sound strategies and policies. With this full colour publication we share the methodology and give a comprehensive view on European local cattle breeds. We hope that our findings and recommendations will contribute to the development of successful future strategies for local cattle breeds in Europe. 'The cows are like diesel cars; Slow start, cheap energy and long life'.
Availability: In Print
Publication date:2010
Binding: Paperback
Dimensions: Unknown
Weight: Unknown
Extent: 160pp
ISBN: 9789086861446
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Chapter 1
Introduction
Sipke Joost Hiemstra
1.1 Why conserve local breeds?
1.2 Towards better strategies for the management of local cattle breeds
1.3 The EURECA approach
1.4 This publication
References
Chapter 2
Trends in cattle diversity and cattle production in Europe: from popular to niche
Katriina Soini and Yvette de Haas
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Interest in breeds and breeding increases
2.3 Local breeds in and between the wars
2.4 Modernisation of agricultural production
2.5 Extending food markets
2.6 Decline of local cattle breeds
2.7 New policy turns
2.8 21st century: new opportunities for local breeds?
2.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3
State of local cattle breeds in Europe
Delphine Duclos and Sipke Joost Hiemstra
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Europe-wide local cattle breed survey among National Coordinators
3.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4
Viewing differences and similarities across local cattle farming in Europe
Gustavo Gandini, Clara Diaz, Katriina Soini, Taina Lilja and Daniel Martin-Collado
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Detecting factors affecting sustainability of local breed farming
4.3 Identification of the farmer types keeping local cattle breeds
4.4 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats affecting cattle diversity
4.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5
Role and state of cryopreservation in local cattle breeds
Flavia Pizzi, Delphine Duclos, Henri Woelders and Asko Mäki-Tanila
5.1 Organisational aspects of cryopreservation programmes
5.2 Sampling strategies
5.3 Operations of cryopreservation programmes
5.4 Factors affecting cryopreservation programmes
5.5 Conclusions
References
Local cattle breeds in Europe
Chapter 6
Assessment and management of genetic variation
Asko Mäki-Tanila, Jesus Fernandez, Miguel Toro and Theo Meuwissen
6.1 Cattle breed diversity
6.2 Importance of genetic variation
6.3 Describing the state of variation
6.4 Acceptable levels for Ne (ΔF)
6.5 Estimation of Ne (ΔF)
6.6 Management of genetic variation
6.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7
Decision-making tools for the development of breed strategies
Daniel Martin-Collado, Gustavo Gandini, Yvette de Haas and Clara Diaz
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The SWOT analysis: a decision-making tool
7.3 The use of SWOT analysis for the development of conservation strategies
7.4 Definition of the local cattle production system
7.5 Identification of driving factors: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats
7.6 Identification and prioritisation of strategies for development and
conservation purposes
7.7 Conclusions
References
10 Local cattle breeds in Europe
Chapter 8
Recommendations for the management of local cattle breeds in Europe
Sipke Joost Hiemstra, Asko Mäki-Tanila and Gustavo Gandini
EURECA objectives
8.1 Policies and strategies for local cattle breeds anticipating livestock sector
dynamics
8.2 Monitoring the state of local cattle breeds in Europe
8.3 Who is keeping local cattle breeds?
8.4 Use of decision-making tools for the development of individual breed
strategies
8.5 Common policies and strategies
8.6 Management of genetic variation within local cattle breeds
8.7 Breeding programmes for maintaining/improving the performance
8.8 Cryopreserved gene banks
8.9 Self-sustaining breeds and sustainable local cattle farming
8.10 The final question: Did our research contribute to making breeds
self-sustaining? What did we learn from the EURECA project?
Introduction
Sipke Joost Hiemstra
1.1 Why conserve local breeds?
1.2 Towards better strategies for the management of local cattle breeds
1.3 The EURECA approach
1.4 This publication
References
Chapter 2
Trends in cattle diversity and cattle production in Europe: from popular to niche
Katriina Soini and Yvette de Haas
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Interest in breeds and breeding increases
2.3 Local breeds in and between the wars
2.4 Modernisation of agricultural production
2.5 Extending food markets
2.6 Decline of local cattle breeds
2.7 New policy turns
2.8 21st century: new opportunities for local breeds?
2.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3
State of local cattle breeds in Europe
Delphine Duclos and Sipke Joost Hiemstra
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Europe-wide local cattle breed survey among National Coordinators
3.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4
Viewing differences and similarities across local cattle farming in Europe
Gustavo Gandini, Clara Diaz, Katriina Soini, Taina Lilja and Daniel Martin-Collado
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Detecting factors affecting sustainability of local breed farming
4.3 Identification of the farmer types keeping local cattle breeds
4.4 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats affecting cattle diversity
4.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5
Role and state of cryopreservation in local cattle breeds
Flavia Pizzi, Delphine Duclos, Henri Woelders and Asko Mäki-Tanila
5.1 Organisational aspects of cryopreservation programmes
5.2 Sampling strategies
5.3 Operations of cryopreservation programmes
5.4 Factors affecting cryopreservation programmes
5.5 Conclusions
References
Local cattle breeds in Europe
Chapter 6
Assessment and management of genetic variation
Asko Mäki-Tanila, Jesus Fernandez, Miguel Toro and Theo Meuwissen
6.1 Cattle breed diversity
6.2 Importance of genetic variation
6.3 Describing the state of variation
6.4 Acceptable levels for Ne (ΔF)
6.5 Estimation of Ne (ΔF)
6.6 Management of genetic variation
6.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7
Decision-making tools for the development of breed strategies
Daniel Martin-Collado, Gustavo Gandini, Yvette de Haas and Clara Diaz
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The SWOT analysis: a decision-making tool
7.3 The use of SWOT analysis for the development of conservation strategies
7.4 Definition of the local cattle production system
7.5 Identification of driving factors: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats
7.6 Identification and prioritisation of strategies for development and
conservation purposes
7.7 Conclusions
References
10 Local cattle breeds in Europe
Chapter 8
Recommendations for the management of local cattle breeds in Europe
Sipke Joost Hiemstra, Asko Mäki-Tanila and Gustavo Gandini
EURECA objectives
8.1 Policies and strategies for local cattle breeds anticipating livestock sector
dynamics
8.2 Monitoring the state of local cattle breeds in Europe
8.3 Who is keeping local cattle breeds?
8.4 Use of decision-making tools for the development of individual breed
strategies
8.5 Common policies and strategies
8.6 Management of genetic variation within local cattle breeds
8.7 Breeding programmes for maintaining/improving the performance
8.8 Cryopreserved gene banks
8.9 Self-sustaining breeds and sustainable local cattle farming
8.10 The final question: Did our research contribute to making breeds
self-sustaining? What did we learn from the EURECA project?